A
government or
state agency is a permanent or semi-permanent organization in the
machinery of government that is responsible for the oversight and administration of specific functions, such as an
intelligence agency. There is a notable variety of agency types. Although usage differs, a government agency is normally distinct both from a department or
ministry, and other types of public body established by
government. The functions of an agency are normally executive in character, since different types of organization (such as
commissions) are normally used for advisory functions, but this distinction is often blurred in practice..//
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A government agency may be established by either a national government or a state government within a federal system. (The term is not normally used for an organization created by the powers of a local government body). Agencies can be established by legislation or by executive powers. The autonomy, independence and accountability of government agencies also vary widely.